How To Recognize And Treat Mast Cell Activation Syndrome

Do you experience muscle pain? Do you have recurring bouts of wheezing, coughing, or shortness of breath? Or, do you feel your heart beating rapidly, suffer from headaches, confusion – even anxiety or depression? If these symptoms are familiar to you, you may have Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS).

What Are Mast Cells, And What Is MCAS?

Mast cells, when functioning normally, release chemical mediators that help our bodies resist infection and repair damaged tissue. Mast cells are our first line of defense; when we are exposed to a perceived threat, it is our mast cells’ job to neutralize the threat.  

When you suffer from Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, your mast cells become confused. Instead of releasing chemical mediators to deal with real threats to your body and immune system, mast cells release mediators in response to harmless substances or stimuli. This inappropriate release of mediators can negatively affect many different systems in your body and is usually chronic.

The onset of MCAS is often unpredictable and abrupt. Triggers include excessive heat or cold, stress, exercise, alcohol consumption, insect bites, antibiotics, pollen, and pollution. Even things as benign as sunlight or perfume can trigger Mast Cell Activation Syndrome.

How Do I Know If I Have MCAS?

Mast Cell Activation Syndrome patients will notice a variety of symptoms, some of which are unpleasant but manageable, and others which are immobilizing and resistant to treatment. You can experience depression, anxiety, and mild or severe fatigue when MCAS affects your brain. When mast cells activate in your GI tract, you may feel nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. Other symptoms include an increased or rapid heart rate, muscle pain, and flushing in the face, neck, and chest. When MCAS affects your skin, you can suffer from hives, itching in your nose or throat, rashes, and inflammation. Blood work is needed for diagnosis (and to rule out other causes of similar symptoms).